Iphepha njengento ebalulekileyo kwimbali yempucuko yabantu, emva kwenkqubo ende yophuhliso kunye nokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kunye nokutsha, kuye kwaba yinto efunekayo kuluntu lwethu lwanamhlanje.
Inqanaba lokuqala: ixesha lokuqala lokubhala izinto eziphathekayo. Izinto zokuqala ezisebenzayo zokubhala zavela malunga ne-2600 BC. Ngelo xesha, abantu basebenzisa izinto ezinzima ezifana ne-SLATE kunye neenkuni njengabathwali bokubhala, kodwa le nto yayinzima kwaye ingenako ukuhlala ixesha elide, kwaye yayifanelekile kuphela kwiirekhodi ezibalulekileyo zamaxwebhu.
Inqanaba lesibini: ixesha elilula lokwenza iphepha. Ngo-105 AD, i-Han Dynasty yavelisa iphepha ngendlela esemthethweni, isebenzisa ingca kunye nemicu yokhuni, ilinen, i-rattan, njl., Ukwenza iphepha, ngenxa yeendleko eziphezulu, ngokukodwa kwi-calligraphy, ukuveliswa kweencwadi kunye nezinye iziganeko ezibalulekileyo.
Inqanaba lesithathu: ukukhuthazwa ngokubanzi kwexesha lobuchwepheshe bephepha. Kwi-Tang Dynasty, iteknoloji yokwenza iphepha yaphuhliswa kakhulu. Izixhobo zokuvelisa iphepha zandiswa ukusuka kwingca kunye nemicu yomthi ukuya kwi-taupe straw kunye nenkunkuma yephepha, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswa iindleko zemveliso. Ukususela ngoko, iteknoloji yokwenza iphepha ngokuthe ngcembe isasazeke kwamanye amazwe kunye nemimandla, njengeJapan, iSouth Korea, i-Indiya kunye nokunye okuye kwaqala ukusebenzisa iphepha.
Inqanaba lesine: ukuveliswa kwemveliso yexesha lephepha. Ngenkulungwane ye-18, abavelisi bamaphepha baqala ukuvelisa iphepha kwi-Intanethi kwaye basebenzisa amandla omphunga ukuqhuba oomatshini bephepha abakhulu. Ngenkulungwane ye-19, iinkuni zaba yeyona nto isetyenziswayo ekwenzeni iphepha, yaye kwavela iindidi ezininzi ezahlukahlukeneyo zephepha.
Inqanaba lesihlanu: ixesha lophuhliso lohlaza oluzinzileyo. Emva kokungena kwinkulungwane ye-21, ukunyuka kwengcamango yokukhusela okusingqongileyo okuluhlaza kunye nophuhliso oluzinzileyo kwenze ukuba ishishini lokuvelisa iphepha liqale ukunikela ingqalelo ekukhuselweni kwendalo kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa. Abavelisi bephepha baye bamkela izinto ezinokusetyenziswa ngokutsha, ezifana ne-bamboo, i-straw yengqolowa, i-straw, i-corn straw, njl., kunye nezinto eziluhlaza ezifana nomqhaphu ococekileyo kunye nephepha elihlaziyiweyo, ukufezekisa ukuphinda kusetyenziswe, kwaye baqhubeke nokuphuhlisa nokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obutsha ukuphumeza. ukonga amandla kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa, ukunciphisa impembelelo yamashishini kokusingqongileyo, kunye nokukhuthaza ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo
Njengezinto ezibalulekileyo kwimbali yempucuko yabantu, iphepha liye lahamba kwinkqubo ende yophuhliso, emva kokuphucula okuqhubekayo kunye nokuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha, kuye kwaba yinto efunekayo kuluntu lwethu lwanamhlanje. Ngokunyuka kombono wokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo okuluhlaza kunye nophuhliso oluzinzileyo, ishishini lokwenziwa kwephepha likwaphucula kwaye liguqula, lihlala lifuna imodeli yophuhliso eluhlaza kunye nokusingqongileyo, kwaye liphuhlise iindidi zeemveliso zephepha lohlaza. Kwixesha elizayo, ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo lwesayensi kunye nobuchwepheshe, sinokujonga phambili ekuzalweni kweemveliso zephepha ezintsha ezinomxholo wobugcisa kunye nexabiso lobugcisa.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-15-2024